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Programming in D: The Ultimate Guide for Software Engineers

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Getting Started With D

The Hello World Program writeln and write Challenge: Fix the Code Solution: Fix the Code Compilation of D Code Quiz

Variables and User Input

Fundamental Types Assigning Values to Variables auto and typeof Challenge: Output Variable Values in a Statement Solution: Output Variable Values in a Statement Standard Input and Output Streams Reading from the Standard Input Quiz

Arithmetic and Logical Operations on Data Types

Logical Expressions Challenge: Fix the Code Solution: Fix the Code Integers Basic Arithmetic Operations on Integers Advanced Arithmetic Operations on Integers Challenge: Find Remainder and Quotient of an Integer Solution: Find Remainder and Quotient of an Integer Detecting Overflow and Truncation in Integers Floating Point Types Overflow and Truncation in Floating Point Types Floating Point Types Usage and Limitations Challenge: Find Twice and One Fifth of a Floating Point Value Solution: Find Twice and One Fifth of a Floating Point Value Quiz

Conditional Statements and Loops

if Statement Chaining if-else Statements Challenge: Fix the Code Solution: Fix the Code Ternary Operator ?:Lazy Operators while Loop Name Scopes for Loop Challenge: Print a Parallelogram Pattern Solution: Print a parallelogram pattern do-while Loop Quiz

Arrays, Characters and Strings

Arrays An Array Example Array Initialization and Basic Array Operations Associative Arrays Challenge: Sort and Reverse Elements of an Array Solution: Sort and Reverse Elements of an Array Slices and Other Array Features Slices: Termination of Sharing Operations on All Elements Multi-dimensional Arrays Challenge: Halve the Elements of the Array Solution: Halve the Elements of the Array Characters: Introduction Characters: Types and Literals Characters: The std.uni Module Characters: D's Unicode Problems and Support Strings String Length, Literals and Comparison Challenge: Print Part of a String Solution: Print Part of a String Quiz

File Handling in D

Redirecting the Standard Input and Output Streams Files std.stdio.File struct Challenge: Write the Contents of a File to Another File Solution: Write the Contents of a File to Another File Quiz

Literals and enum

Integer and Floating Point Literals Challenge: Fix the Code Solution: Fix the Code Character and string Literals enum Quiz

Formatted Output and Input

Formatted Output Format Specifiers: Format_Character Format Specifiers: Width, Separator, Precision and Flags Format Specifiers: Formatted Element Output Format Specifiers: Positional Parameters and Format Challenge: Convert a Floating Point Value into a Percentage Value Solution: Convert a Floating Point Value into a Percentage Value Formatted Input Challenge: Print the Number of the Month from a Given Date Solution: Print the Number of the Month from a Given Date Quiz

foreach Loop and switch-case Statement

foreach Loop foreach Loop Properties Challenge: Swap Keys with Values of an Associative Array Solution: Swap Keys with Values of an Associative Array switch and case Challenge: Build a Calculator Application Solution: Build a Calculator Application Quiz

Functions

Introduction How Functions Work?Improved Code Quality Challenge: displayMenu() Function Solution: displayMenu() Function Quiz

Immutability

Immutable Parameters

Should a Parameter be const or immutable?

Immutability of the Slice Versus the Elements

Value Types and Reference Types

Value Types Reference Variables Reference Types Value Types vs Reference Types Quiz

Function Parameters

Function Parameters Referenced Variables As Parameters Parameter Qualifiers: in, out, const and immutable Parameter Qualifiers: ref, auto ref and inout Parameter Qualifiers: lazy, scope and shared Function Parameters: Summary Challenge: Fix the Code Solution: Fix the Code Lvalues and Rvalues Quiz

Program Environment

The Return Value of main( )Parameters of main( )Command-Line Options and the std.getopt Module Environment Variables and Starting Other Programs Quiz

Exceptions and scope

Exceptions The throw Statement The try-catch Statement to Catch Exceptions The finally Block Exception Properties Kinds of Errors scope Quiz

assert and enforce Statements

Types of assert Properties of assert enforce and the Use of assert-enforce Challenge: Fix the Code Solution: Fix the Code Challenge: Fix the Code Solution: Fix the Code Quiz

Unit Testing

Cause and Discovery of the Bugs Unit Testing Testing for Exceptions Test-Driven Development Challenge: Make the Unit Test Pass Solution: Make the Unit Test Pass Quiz

Contract Programming

in Blocks for Preconditions out Blocks and Expression-based Contracts in Blocks Versus enforce Checks Challenge: Maintain Total Points Solution: Maintain Total Points for Two Football Teams Quiz

Should a Parameter be const or immutable?

This lesson explains when a parameter should be const and when it should be immutable.

Our discussion so far shows that because they are more flexible, const parameters should be preferred over immutable parameters. This is not always true.
const erases the information about whether the original variable was mutable or immutable. This information is hidden even from the compiler.

A consequence of this fact is that const parameters cannot be passed as arguments to functions that take immutable parameters. For example, foo() below cannot pass its const parameter to bar():

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