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Grokking the Coding Interview Patterns in C++

Solution: Maximum Frequency Stack

Explore how to design and implement a stack data structure that supports pushing elements and popping the most frequent element efficiently. Understand both naive and optimized approaches, focusing on maintaining frequency counts and stacks to achieve constant time push and pop operations. This lesson helps you master frequency-based stack design and related algorithmic tradeoffs.

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Statement

Design a stack-like data structure. You should be able to push elements to this data structure and pop elements with maximum frequency.

You’ll need to implement the FreqStack class that should consist of the following:

  • FreqStack: This is a class used to declare a frequency stack.

  • Push(value): This is used to push an integer data onto the top of the stack.

  • Pop(): This is used to remove and return the most frequent element in the stack.

Note: If there is a tie for the most frequent element, then the most recently pushed element is removed and returned.

Constraints:

  • 0≤0 \leq value ≤104\leq 10^4

  • At most, 2×1032 \times 10^3 ...