Solution: Russian Doll Envelopes

Explore how to solve the Russian Doll Envelopes problem by sorting envelopes and using a binary search to find the longest increasing subsequence of heights. Understand how sorting by width and descending height helps manage nesting rules, and how binary search optimizes finding the position for each envelope in the sequence. This lesson teaches techniques essential for tackling sorting and search challenges in coding interviews.

We'll cover the following...

Statement
Solution
- Time complexity
- Space complexity

Statement

You are given a 2D array of integers, envelopes, where each element envelopes[i] = [w_i, h_i] represents the width and height of an envelope. An envelope can fit inside another if and only if its width and height are strictly smaller than the width and height of the other envelope. The task is to determine the maximum number of envelopes that can be nested inside each other, similar to Russian dollsRussian dolls, also known as stacking dolls or nesting dolls, are a set of wooden dolls of decreasing size placed one inside another. .

Constraints:

$1\leq$ envelopes.length $\leq 10^3$
envelopes[i].length $== 2$
$1\leq$ ...