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Problem: All O`one Data Structure

hard
40 min
Explore how to design and implement the AllOne data structure that tracks frequencies of keys with efficient O(1) time complexity for incrementing, decrementing, and retrieving maximum and minimum keys. Understand the challenge and constraints to build a custom solution that handles key frequency updates accurately and efficiently.

Statement

Design a data structure that tracks the frequency of string keys and allows for efficient updates and queries.

Implement the AllOne class with these methods:

  • Constructor: Initializes the data structure.

  • inc(String key): Increases the count of the given key by 11. If the key is absent, insert it with a count of 11.

  • dec(String key): Decreases the count of the given key by 11. If the count becomes 00 after decrementing, remove the key entirely. The assumption is that the key exists when this function is called.

  • getMaxKey(): Returns any one key with the highest count. If the data structure is empty, return an empty string.

  • getMinKey(): Returns any one key with the lowest count. If the data structure is empty, return an empty string.

Note: All operations must be performed in average O(1)O(1) time complexity.

Constraints:

  • 11 \leq key.length 10\leq 10

  • key consists only of lowercase English letters.

  • It is guaranteed that each call to dec is made with a key that exists in the data structure.

  • At most 5×1025 \times 10^2 calls will be made to inc, dec, getMaxKey, and getMinKey.

Problem
Ask
Submissions

Problem: All O`one Data Structure

hard
40 min
Explore how to design and implement the AllOne data structure that tracks frequencies of keys with efficient O(1) time complexity for incrementing, decrementing, and retrieving maximum and minimum keys. Understand the challenge and constraints to build a custom solution that handles key frequency updates accurately and efficiently.

Statement

Design a data structure that tracks the frequency of string keys and allows for efficient updates and queries.

Implement the AllOne class with these methods:

  • Constructor: Initializes the data structure.

  • inc(String key): Increases the count of the given key by 11. If the key is absent, insert it with a count of 11.

  • dec(String key): Decreases the count of the given key by 11. If the count becomes 00 after decrementing, remove the key entirely. The assumption is that the key exists when this function is called.

  • getMaxKey(): Returns any one key with the highest count. If the data structure is empty, return an empty string.

  • getMinKey(): Returns any one key with the lowest count. If the data structure is empty, return an empty string.

Note: All operations must be performed in average O(1)O(1) time complexity.

Constraints:

  • 11 \leq key.length 10\leq 10

  • key consists only of lowercase English letters.

  • It is guaranteed that each call to dec is made with a key that exists in the data structure.

  • At most 5×1025 \times 10^2 calls will be made to inc, dec, getMaxKey, and getMinKey.