How to calculate commit complexity

Commit complexity, often referred as code change complexity or change complexity, is a measure of the likelihood of a particular commit causing problems. It is the level of complexity associated with a software code change, which is measured in terms of how many various parts of the code are affected by the change. The more complex the commit, the more riskier and harder it is to review the changes to multiple files or components made prior to committing.

Calculating commit complexity is not a standardized task and can vary depending on the tools and methodologies used by different development teams. There is no universal threshold for commit complexity. However, a few common methods can be used to calculate commit complexity.

Note: Code commits can be performed on other open-source platforms such as BitBuckethttps://bitbucket.org/product/, SourceForgehttps://sourceforge.net/home.html, and LaunchPadhttps://launchpad.net/.

Method 1: Number of files touched

One of the straightforward ways to calculate commit complexity is by counting the number of files that are modified, added or deleted in a single commit.

The more files that are modified, the higher the commit complexity.

Method 2: Cyclomatic complexity

Cyclomatic complexity is a software metric that measures the complexity of a program by counting the number of independent pathsThese paths refer to the various unique routes or sequences of statements within a program’s code that can be taken during its execution. in the code. In case of a commit, we can calculate the cyclomatic complexity of the affected code files. This metric gives us an idea of the complexity of the code logic with respect to decision-making.

Method 3: Function or method changes

Commit complexity increases if the commit involves changes to multiple functions (or methods) within a certain code file. Counting the number of functions (or methods) modified within a commit can provide insight into how much change has occurred within the code.

Method 4: Lines of code changes

Measuring the number of lines of code changed in a commit can also provide an indication of complexity. However, this method alone might not give us a complete idea of the number different parts of the code are affected as a result of the commit.

Method 5: Dependency changes

If a commit modifies dependencies or interfaces that are relied on by other parts of the code, it can also increase commit complexity. Tracking changes to dependencies can help assess complexity as well.

Conclusion

Overall, commit complexity is a valuable metric in software development, giving engineers high-quality feedback and suggestions for improvement where required. Because there is no standard rule of thumb for calculating commit complexity, teams should strive for a balance that suits their project’s goals and their developers’ expertise. Experienced developers and code reviewers often rely on their judgment to evaluate the commit complexity. They consider factors like architectural impact, potential regressions, and the overall context of the codebase. Once the developers assess the commit complexity, they can turn to methods like code refactoringThis method involves breaking down complex functions or methods into smaller, more manageable ones, eliminating redundant code, and reducing nesting levels., modularizationThis involves breaking the code into modular components such as methods, classes, or functions, making the code easier to understand and maintain., and splitting commits.If a commit contains unrelated changes, this commit can split into multiple smaller commits, making code review easier.

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