**`String`** is a built-in data type in Pascal used to store a sequence of characters. The declaration of `String` in Pascal is shown below:
```C
_variableName_ : String = _stringBody_;
```
* **`_variableName_ `**: The variable name that identifies the variable.
* **`_stringBody_`**: The body of the string which is a sequence of characters. The body of the string is enclosed in single quotes.

# String length
The **length** of a string is the number of characters stored in it. The string length in Pascal is calculated as shown below:
```C
length := byte(str[0]);
```
The code snippet above stores the string length of `str` in `length`.

# Accessing characters of a string
To access a character of a string, use the `[]` operator, as shown below:
```C
character = str[ind];
```
The code snippet above stores the character at the index `ind` in `str` in `character`.

# Examples
## Example 1
Consider the code snippet below, which demonstrates the declaration of `string`:

program stringExample1;

var 
  str: String = 'Hello world';
begin
  writeln(str);
end.

pascal

## Example 2
Consider the code snippet below, which calculates the length of a string and prints its first and last character:

program stringExample2;

var 
  str: String = 'Hello world';
begin
  writeln('String length = ', byte(str[0]));
  writeln('First character in str = ', str[1]);
  writeln('Last character in str = ', str[byte(str[0])]);
end.

## Explanation
`byte(str[0])` is the number of characters in `str`. As `str[ind]` is used to print the character of `str` at index `ind`, `str[1]` will print the first index of `str`. `str[byte(str[0])]` prints the character at the last index, as `byte(str[0])` is equal to the length of `str`.

pascal.tar.gz

How to declare strings in Pascal

Declare a Pascal string with `variableName: String = 'stringBody'`. Access use `[]`; calculate length with `byte(str[0])`.