How to use the upper() function in pandas

Overview

The upper() function of the pandas library in Python converts all characters in a string to uppercase.

Syntax

upper()

Note: The upper() function can’t be used on the entire column of a DataFrame.

Code example

The following code demonstrates how to use the upper() function in pandas:

import pandas as pd
# Create a DataFrame
df = pd.DataFrame({
    "name": ["Maria","Paul","Eva","Oliver","Sebastian","Camila"],
    "age":[20,22,32,26,29,30],
    "salary":[2000,2500,4000,3500,4200,3000],
    "gender":["female","male","female","male","male"
    ,"female"]
})
# Convert string to uppercase using upper()
print(df["name"][1].upper())

Code explanation

  • Line 1: We import the pandas library.

  • Lines 4–10: We create a DataFrame, df, from a dictionary.

  • Line 13: We use the upper() function to convert name at index 1 to uppercase. Then, we print the output.

Note: If we use the upper() method on the entire column, we will get an error.

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