What are constants in Pascal?

Constants are entities that remain unchanged throughout the program once they have been declared. Pascal allows the declaration of the following types of constants:

Declaring constants

Constants are declared as shown below:

const
constant_name = constant_value;

The following table further illustrates constant declaration:

Constant Type Example
Ordinal (Integer) no_of_employes = 250;
Character Operator = ‘&’ ;
String country = ‘Pakistan’;
Set provinces = ( Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, KPK, Gilgit);
Pointer thisPointer = NIL;

Example

The following example shows the use of constants:

program pay_calculation (input,output);
const
tax_deduction = 10000;
bonus = 50000;
basic_pay = 40000;
var
total_pay, final_pay : real;
begin
total_pay := basic_pay + bonus;
final_pay := total_pay - tax_deduction;
writeln('The final pay is ',final_pay);
end.

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