**`log10(double a)`** is a _public static_ method in `java.lang.Math` that is used to compute the base 10 logarithm of the argument value. The method accepts a double type value as a parameter and returns a double-precision number, i.e., `64-bit`.
> By default, the `java.lang` package is loaded, so there is no need to import this package into your program.
# 
## Syntax

---
```java
static double log10(double a)
```
---

## Parameters
* Double precision number: A 64-bit long `double` type variable. 

## Return value
* Logarithm: A `double` type common logarithm of argument value.
> Note: In mathematics, logarithm with base 10 is called common logarithm, i.e., $log_{10}(10)= 1$, $log_{10}(2)= 0.3010$.

## Special cases
1. `double value`: If the argument is a double type value `x`, `log10` will return log_{10}(x).
2. `NaN`: If the argument is `NaN`(no-argument), `log10` will return `NaN`.
3. `less than zero`: If the argument is a negative value or less than zero, `log10` will return `NaN`.
4. `positive infinity`: If the argument value is positive infinity, `log10` will return positive infinity.
5. `positive zero or negative zero`: If the argument value is positive zero or negative zero, `log10` will return negative infinity. 
6. `exponential number`: If the argument value is an exponential number like 10^{n} for integer n, then the result will be *n*.
## Example
This code illustrates multiple cases of the `log10()` method with different argument values, as discussed above.

class EdPresso {
    public static void main( String args[] ) {
        // double type number as argument
        System.out.println("double type argument: " + Math.log10(2.0));
        // negative number as argument
        System.out.println("Negative argument: " + Math.log10(-10));
        // positive infinity as argument
        System.out.println("Positive infinity :" + Math.log10(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY));
        // Zero as argument
        System.out.println("Negative or Positive Zero: " + Math.log10(0));
        // exponential number as argument
        System.out.println("Exponential number: " + Math.log10(10E+0));
    }
}

Demo

What is Math log10(double a) in Java?

log10(double a) computes the base 10 logarithm of a double value in Java, handling NaN, negative, and infinite values appropriately.