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Competitive Programming in C++: The Keys to Success

AVL Tree

Understand the concept of AVL trees as self-balancing binary search trees that keep height differences minimal to optimize search and insertion operations. Explore how balance is maintained through rotations and key node height tracking to achieve logarithmic time complexity. This lesson prepares you to apply balanced BST principles for efficient data structures in competitive programming.

We'll cover the following...

AVL Tree is a self-balancing BST where for any node - the difference in height of the left and the right subtree can not be more than 11.

Therefore, the strucwture of the AVL tree node also stores the height for each node. The structure would look like this:

struct Node {  
    int key;  
    Node *left;  
    Node *right;  
    int height;  
};

height(node)=max{height(node.left), height(node.right)}+1height(node) = max\{height(node.left), \space height(node.right)\} + 1 ...