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Data Structures and Algorithms in Python

Traversal Algorithms

Explore how to traverse binary trees using depth-first methods in Python. Understand pre-order, in-order, and post-order traversal algorithms, their implementation details, and practice applying these methods to solidify your understanding of tree data structures.

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Tree Traversal

Tree Traversal is the process of visiting (checking or updating) each node in a tree data structure, exactly once. Unlike linked lists or one-dimensional arrays that are canonically traversed in linear order, trees may be traversed in multiple ways. They may be traversed in depth-first or breadth-first order.

There are three common ways to traverse a tree in depth-first order:

  1. In-order
  2. Pre-order
  3. Post-order

Let’s begin with the Pre-order Traversal.

Pre-order Traversal

Here is the algorithm for a pre-order traversal:

  1. Check if the current node is empty/null.
  2. Display the data part of the root (or current node).
  3. Traverse the left subtree by recursively calling the pre-order
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