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Problem: All O`one Data Structure

Medium
30 min
Explore the design and implementation of the AllOne data structure to efficiently track frequencies of string keys. Learn to perform increments, decrements, and retrieve keys with max or min counts—all in average constant time. This lesson helps you understand custom data structure creation to solve specialized frequency-tracking problems.

Statement

Design a data structure that tracks the frequency of string keys and allows for efficient updates and queries.

Implement the AllOne class with these methods:

  • Constructor: Initializes the data structure.

  • inc(String key): Increases the count of the given key by 11. If the key is absent, insert it with a count of 11.

  • dec(String key): Decreases the count of the given key by 11. If the count becomes 00 after decrementing, remove the key entirely. The assumption is that the key exists when this function is called.

  • getMaxKey(): Returns any one key with the highest count. If the data structure is empty, return an empty string.

  • getMinKey(): Returns any one key with the lowest count. If the data structure is empty, return an empty string.

Note: All operations must be performed in average O(1)O(1) time complexity.

Constraints:

  • 11 \leq key.length 10\leq 10

  • key consists only of lowercase English letters.

  • It is guaranteed that each call to dec is made with a key that exists in the data structure.

  • At most 5×1025 \times 10^2 calls will be made to inc, dec, getMaxKey, and getMinKey.

Problem
Ask
Submissions

Problem: All O`one Data Structure

Medium
30 min
Explore the design and implementation of the AllOne data structure to efficiently track frequencies of string keys. Learn to perform increments, decrements, and retrieve keys with max or min counts—all in average constant time. This lesson helps you understand custom data structure creation to solve specialized frequency-tracking problems.

Statement

Design a data structure that tracks the frequency of string keys and allows for efficient updates and queries.

Implement the AllOne class with these methods:

  • Constructor: Initializes the data structure.

  • inc(String key): Increases the count of the given key by 11. If the key is absent, insert it with a count of 11.

  • dec(String key): Decreases the count of the given key by 11. If the count becomes 00 after decrementing, remove the key entirely. The assumption is that the key exists when this function is called.

  • getMaxKey(): Returns any one key with the highest count. If the data structure is empty, return an empty string.

  • getMinKey(): Returns any one key with the lowest count. If the data structure is empty, return an empty string.

Note: All operations must be performed in average O(1)O(1) time complexity.

Constraints:

  • 11 \leq key.length 10\leq 10

  • key consists only of lowercase English letters.

  • It is guaranteed that each call to dec is made with a key that exists in the data structure.

  • At most 5×1025 \times 10^2 calls will be made to inc, dec, getMaxKey, and getMinKey.