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Solution: Range Sum of Sorted Subarray Sums

Understand how to efficiently calculate the range sum of sorted subarray sums from an integer array using a binary search combined with a sliding window approach. Explore how these methods help avoid brute-force computations by dynamically counting and summing subarrays within specified thresholds, optimizing performance for coding interview challenges.

Statement

You are given an integer array nums containing nn positive integers along with left and right. Calculate the sum of its elements for every non-empty continuous subarray of nums. Collect these sums into a new array and sort it in nondecreasing order. This will result in a new array of size n×(n+1)/2n \times (n + 1) /2.

Your task is to return the sum of the elements in this sorted array from the index left to right (inclusive with 1-based indexing).

Note: As the result can be large, return the sum modulo ...