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Introduction to Classes

Explore the foundational concepts of classes in C++. Understand how to define classes, create objects, and manage data and functions within them. Learn to use access specifiers like public and private to control member accessibility and master member access operators for working with both static and dynamic objects.

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Building blocks of object-oriented programming

Class is the building block of a program built using the object-oriented methodology. Such programs consist of independent, self-managing modules and their interactions. An object is an instance of such a module created at runtime, and a class is its definition.

Class definition and instantiation

A class definition includes the declaration of its data members (data variables) and member functions (class functions), whereas instantiation is the process of creating an actual object. This object can then be used to access the data members and member functions defined in the class.

C++
class className 
{
  variable var1           // Variables names can be of type string, int, float
  variable var2          
  variable* ptr;          // Pointer variable for var1 or var2, can be of any type
};               // Class body always terminates with ';'

A keyword class is used with every declaration of class, followed by the name of the class. We can use any “className” you want, as long as it follows the naming ...