Learn basic database concepts and techniques used to design and work with databases.

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To start, we will learn about the various database systems and structured query language (SQL) from scratch. Then, this module will introduce us to the different concepts and techniques that are used in designing a database management system, such as ER data models and relational data models. We will also learn about relational databases and familiarize ourselves with important ideas such as keys, constraints, and operations regarding relational databases. At the end of this module, we’ll learn about two other key concepts in database design, namely normalization and functional dependencies.

Database Design Fundamentals for Software Engineers

Axiom of Augmentation (partial dependency)

Axiom of Transitivity (transitive dependnecy)

Which axiom states that every non-key attribute must be fully dependent on the whole composite primary key?

<p>Which axiom states that every non-key attribute must be fully dependent on the whole composite primary key?</p>


Customer_Id $\rightarrow$ Product_Name is a partial dependency

Product_Id $\rightarrow$ Product_Name is a partial dependency

Customer_Id $\rightarrow$ Product_Name is a transitive dependency

Product_Id $\rightarrow$ Product_Name is a transitive dependency

Can you identify the dependency in the following table?

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
table, th, td {
  border: 1px solid black;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<table style="width:100%">
  <tr>
    <th><u>Customer_Id</u></th>
    <th><u>Product_Id</u></th> 
    <th>Product_Name</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>102 </td>
    <td>145 </td>
    <td>TV</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>232</td>
    <td>120</td>
    <td>Lights</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>304</td>
    <td>406</td>
    <td>Chair</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>389</td>
    <td>145</td>
    <td>TV</td>
  </tr>
  
   <tr>
    <td>389</td>
    <td>321</td>
    <td>DVD player</td>
  </tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>




<p>Can you identify the dependency in the following table?</p>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
table, th, td {
  border: 1px solid black;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table style="width:100%">
  <tr>
    <th><u>Customer_Id</u></th>
    <th><u>Product_Id</u></th> 
    <th>Product_Name</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>102 </td>
    <td>145 </td>
    <td>TV</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>232</td>
    <td>120</td>
    <td>Lights</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>304</td>
    <td>406</td>
    <td>Chair</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>389</td>
    <td>145</td>
    <td>TV</td>
  </tr>
   <tr>
    <td>389</td>
    <td>321</td>
    <td>DVD player</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>


Course_Id $\rightarrow$ Course_Name is a partial dependency

Student_Id $\rightarrow$ Course_Name is a partial dependency

Student_Id $\rightarrow$ Course_Name is a transitive dependency

Course_Id $\rightarrow$ Course_Name is a transitive dependency

Can you identify the dependency in the following table?

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
table, th, td {
  border: 1px solid black;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<table style="width:100%">
  <tr>
    <th><u>Student_Id</u></th>
    <th><u>Course_Id</u></th> 
    <th>Course_Name</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>1 </td>
    <td>CS-100 </td>
    <td>Intro to programming</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>2</td>
    <td>CS-300</td>
    <td>Advanced programming</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>3</td>
    <td>CS-100</td>
    <td>Intro to programming</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>4</td>
    <td>CS-230</td>
    <td>Into to A.I.</td>
  </tr>
  
   <tr>
    <td>3</td>
    <td>MATH-101</td>
    <td>Calculus 1</td>
  </tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>

<p>Can you identify the dependency in the following table?</p>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
table, th, td {
  border: 1px solid black;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table style="width:100%">
  <tr>
    <th><u>Student_Id</u></th>
    <th><u>Course_Id</u></th> 
    <th>Course_Name</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>1 </td>
    <td>CS-100 </td>
    <td>Intro to programming</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>2</td>
    <td>CS-300</td>
    <td>Advanced programming</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>3</td>
    <td>CS-100</td>
    <td>Intro to programming</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>4</td>
    <td>CS-230</td>
    <td>Into to A.I.</td>
  </tr>
   <tr>
    <td>3</td>
    <td>MATH-101</td>
    <td>Calculus 1</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

Book $\rightarrow$ Author_Name is a partial dependency

Author_Name $\rightarrow$ Book is a transitive dependency

Author_Name $\rightarrow$ Author_Age is a transitive dependency

Author_Name $\rightarrow$ Author_Age is a partial dependency

Can you identify the dependency in the following table?

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
table, th, td {
  border: 1px solid black;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<table style="width:100%">
  <tr>
    <th><u>Book</u></th>
    <th>Author_Name</th> 
    <th>Author_Age</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Game of Thrones	</td>
    <td>George R. R. Martin</td>
    <td>66</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Harry Potter</td>
    <td>J. K. Rowling	</td>
    <td>49</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Dying of the Light</td>
    <td>George R. R. Martin	</td>
    <td>66</td>
  </tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>

<p>Can you identify the dependency in the following table?</p>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
table, th, td {
  border: 1px solid black;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table style="width:100%">
  <tr>
    <th><u>Book</u></th>
    <th>Author_Name</th> 
    <th>Author_Age</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Game of Thrones	</td>
    <td>George R. R. Martin</td>
    <td>66</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Harry Potter</td>
    <td>J. K. Rowling	</td>
    <td>49</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Dying of the Light</td>
    <td>George R. R. Martin	</td>
    <td>66</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

---

This brings us to the end of this chapter. By now you should be familiar with the rules and types of dependencies, as well as the representation of dependencies in our database schemas.

In the next chapter, we will see how functional dependencies are removed through normalization.

Introduction

Fundamental Concepts

Data Modeling

Entity-Relationship Data Model

The Relational Data Model

Functional Dependenices

Normalization

Conclusion

Quiz!