Explore OOP in Ruby to gain a deeper understanding of Ruby objects, Ruby methods, and Ruby classes, enabling you to solve multiple problem sets with an object-oriented approach.

Become a Ruby Developer

Module Overview
Ruby is a smart, functional, and object-oriented programming language that blends the best features of scripting power with user-friendly syntax. In this module, we’ll dive into OOP in Ruby with hands-on practice using interactive exercises and illustrations. We'll start by creating and managing Ruby objects. Next, we’ll explore Ruby methods and blocks, essential tools in Ruby programming. Finally, we'll delve into Ruby classes and how they are used to implement OOP principles.

Ruby OOP (Object-Oriented Programming)

## Bang methods

All the examples we’ve discussed before are questions and don’t modify the object they’re called on.


name = "Ruby Monstas"
puts name.downcase
puts name

If we run the lines of code above, the `downcase` method returns a new lowercase version of the original string. When we output the original string on the next line, we can then see that it’s still the same. The `downcase` method doesn’t modify the string.


$$$$
### Methods ending with `!`
However, there are also variants of some of these methods that end in an exclamation mark (`!`). These are called **bang methods**, and they usually modify the object they’re called on.



For example, in addition to the method, `downcase` strings also have a  `downcase!` method.


# Bang methods

All the examples we’ve discussed before are questions and don’t modify the object they’re called on.


If we run the lines of code above, the `downcase` method returns a new lowercase version of the original string. When we output the original string on the next line, we can then see that it’s still the same. The `downcase` method doesn’t modify the string.


$$$$
## Methods ending with `!`
However, there are also variants of some of these methods that end in an exclamation mark (`!`). These are called **bang methods**, and they usually modify the object they’re called on.



For example, in addition to the method, `downcase` strings also have a  `downcase!` method.


Objects

Blocks

Conditionals

Writing Classes

Mini project 1

Conclusion

Bangs

Bang methods