Create a REST API with FastAPI for User Management

In this project, we'll build a complete user management REST API using FastAPI and SQLAlchemy ORM to handle all CRUD operations (create, read, update, delete) for user accounts. FastAPI provides high-performance asynchronous API development with automatic API documentation, while SQLAlchemy serves as the object-relational mapping layer managing database interactions. We'll create a production-ready system with RESTful endpoints, database schema design, error handling, and comprehensive API testing.

We'll start by configuring the database connection with SQLAlchemy, creating ORM models for user entities, and defining Pydantic schemas for request validation and response serialization. We'll establish database sessions to manage transactions and ensure proper connection handling throughout the application. Next, we'll build REST API endpoints for retrieving all users, fetching users by ID or email using query parameters, adding new users with POST requests, updating existing user information with PUT requests, and deleting user accounts with DELETE requests. Each endpoint will include input validation, error handling, and appropriate HTTP status codes.

By the end, we'll have a fully functional user management system demonstrating FastAPI backend development, SQLAlchemy database operations, RESTful API design principles, Pydantic data validation, and API endpoint creation applicable to any Python web API or database-driven application.