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Grokking the Frontend System Design Interview*

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1.Introduction to Frontend System Design

More Than Just Pixels Custom Card The Restaurant Analogy Evolution: The Static Era Evolution: The Dynamic Era Evolution: The System Era The Iceberg Model Key Pillars for Frontend System Design Pillar 1: Modularity Pillar 2: State Management Pillar 3: Performance Pillar 4: API Integration Case Study: Instagram Case Study: Netflix Architect or Coder?

2.Nonfunctional Requirements

The Hidden Half of System Design Custom Card How a Page Actually Loads Time to First Byte (TTFB)First Contentful Paint (FCP)Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)Accessibility is Usability Custom Card Compatibility Check Custom Card The Layout Breakers Code That Lasts The Defense Layers The Safety Net: Testing The Last Resort: Graceful Failure Frontend Pillars Recap

3.Fundamentals of Frontend System Design

The Browser's Black Box The Rendering Pipeline 1. Building the Blueprints 2. The Render Tree 3. Layout & Paint Custom Card Custom Card BFC: The Container Concept Custom Card Positioning Masterclass The Update Problem Enter the Virtual DOM Custom Card Types of State Local State Global & Server State Frontend Design Recap

4.Performance and Optimization

Why Fast Networks Feel Slow Evolution of HTTP HTTP/1.1: The Single Lane HTTP/2: Multiplexing HTTP/3: Speed over UDP Predicting the User's Next Move Custom Card Offloading to the GPU Custom Card The Heavyweight Champions Smart Video Streaming Don't Block the Show Shaking the Tree The Main Thread Traffic Jam Custom Card The DOM Explosion Virtualization: The Magic Trick The Viewport Window Recycle and Reuse Infinite Scroll vs Pagination Custom Card Custom Card Custom Card Custom Card Performance Mastered

5.API Architecture Styles, Protocols, and Data Formats

The Digital Restaurant The Standard Courier: HTTP Opening a Two-Way Line The Old Way: HTTP The Real-Time Way: WebSockets Custom Card Style 2: The Custom Order (GraphQL)Style 3: High Speed (gRPC)Custom Card Visualizing Data Sizes Scenario Challenge Communication Recap

6.Frontend Design Patterns and Architectures

Why Architecture Matters MVC, MVP, MVVM Basics How MVC Works MVVM and Auto Sync MVP and the Presenter Choosing a Pattern MPA vs SPA Feel Custom Card Custom Card Components as LEGO Custom Card When SPAs Get Huge Micro-Frontends Idea Custom Card Ways to Get Data In Short Polling Basics WebSockets in Practice SSE: One-Way Updates Unidirectional vs Two-Way Custom Card Frontend Architecture Map

7.Security in Frontend System Design

The Fortress Gate Custom Card The Login Flow: Credentials The Login Flow: Issuance The Login Flow: Access Custom Card Securing the Pipeline The Bouncer: CSP Threat: XSS Threat: CSRF Threat: Clickjacking Defense Strategies Security Recap

8.Frontend System Design Framework

Frontend Chaos vs. Control The REDCAAP Blueprint RE: Requirements First D & C: Design & Components A & A: Architecture & API P: Performance Optimization The Right Pattern Why REDCAAP?

9.Newsfeed Frontend System Design

The Infinite Stream Core Capabilities Custom Card The Modular UI How Infinite Scroll Works Step 1: The Observer Step 2: Triggering the Fetch Step 3: Appending Data Custom Card Choosing the Protocol Custom Card Custom Card Perceived Performance Optimization Techniques Recap

10.Video Streaming Frontend System Design

The Streaming Challenge Custom Card The Visual Building Blocks The Hero Component Content Carousels The Video Player Smart Preloading Custom Card The Playback Lifecycle Fetching Segments Syncing Progress Optimization Quiz Adaptive UI Rendering Detailed Rendering Streaming Frontend Recap

11.Chat Application Frontend System Design

The Illusion of Simplicity Core Challenges Anatomy of the UI Conversation List Conversation Window The Toolbar & Settings The Secure Media Flow Custom Card The Handshake Pull vs. Push Data Optimizing Performance Custom Card Multi-Device Sync The Out-of-Sync State Smart Fetching Summary

12.Conclusion

Frontend Mastery Pattern 1: Smart Loading Pattern 2: Adaptive Rendering Pattern 3: Real-Time Sync The Big Three Patterns Custom Card Course Recap

Grokking the Frontend System Design Interview*

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