Statistical Analysis with R

The digital world we live in has given companies and people access to staggering amounts of data, and anyone who can make use of that to drive valuable insights stands to benefit. The ability to work with large amounts of data is becoming a standard requirement for countless jobs across multiple industries.

R, probably the most well-known language for data analysis, has been used for years due to its robust statistical functionality, outstanding graphing ability, and extensibility through packages.

This interactive module will get us up to speed with R and assumes no prior knowledge of it. We'll start with the very basics and work our way up to advanced concepts like exception handling. By the time we're done, we'll be able to write detailed, useful code in R.

Learn R from Scratch

## What are `CSV` files?

A `CSV` file is a **Comma Separated Values** file. It's just like any other ordinary text file, however, it has the `.csv` extension and uses **special characters** as separators between data.

Suppose we have a table of students' names, their ages, and their scores on a particular test.
The table will look something like this.

Name|Age|Marks
----|----|----|
Andrew| 28|  55.2
Mathew| 23| 99.5
Dany| 29|  71
Philip| 29| 21.9
John| 28|  44
Brian| 23| 11.5
Monica| 29| 45

In a `.csv` file format, we can store the above data as:

```
Name,   Age, Marks
Andrew, 28,  55.2
Mathew, 23,  99.5
Dany,   29,  71
Philip, 29,  21.9
John,   28,  44
Brian,  23,  11.5
Monica, 29,  45
```
CSV files can be used for exchanging data between different applications that is input and output data. CSV files mostly use the comma character to separate (or delimit) data, but sometimes use other characters, like _semicolons_ `;`.

## Taking Input from `CSV` file

Taking input from a `.csv` file is easy. We use the function `read.csv()` to fetch all the data. Simply pass the file path to this function and you will get all the data.


# What are `CSV` files?

A `CSV` file is a **Comma Separated Values** file. It's just like any other ordinary text file, however, it has the `.csv` extension and uses **special characters** as separators between data.

Suppose we have a table of students' names, their ages, and their scores on a particular test.
The table will look something like this.

Name|Age|Marks
----|----|----|
Andrew| 28|  55.2
Mathew| 23| 99.5
Dany| 29|  71
Philip| 29| 21.9
John| 28|  44
Brian| 23| 11.5
Monica| 29| 45

In a `.csv` file format, we can store the above data as:

```
Name,   Age, Marks
Andrew, 28,  55.2
Mathew, 23,  99.5
Dany,   29,  71
Philip, 29,  21.9
John,   28,  44
Brian,  23,  11.5
Monica, 29,  45
```
CSV files can be used for exchanging data between different applications that is input and output data. CSV files mostly use the comma character to separate (or delimit) data, but sometimes use other characters, like _semicolons_ `;`.

# Taking Input from `CSV` file

Taking input from a `.csv` file is easy. We use the function `read.csv()` to fetch all the data. Simply pass the file path to this function and you will get all the data.


Let's learn how to input and output data using .csv files

Getting Started

Variables

Exploring R Objects

R Operators and Notation

Conditional Statements

Loops

Functions

Input/Output

Exception Handling

Classes

Fun Challenges

Conclusion

Handling CSV files

What are `CSV` files?

Name	Age	Marks
Andrew	28	55.2
Mathew	23	99.5
Dany	29	71
Philip