Grokking the Frontend System Design Interview/

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Architecture Patterns in Frontend System Design

Architecture Patterns in Frontend System Design

Learn the architecture patterns in frontend System Design, such as MVC, MVVM, and MVP, to design scalable applications.

We'll cover the following...

In frontend System Design, having a clear structure is essential because managing UI logic, business rules, and data flow becomes increasingly complex as applications grow. How we organize the relationship between these layers defines how maintainable, testableBy clearly separating what the app does (logic) from how it looks (UI), we gain the ability to write faster, more focused, and stable tests to verify how the application behaves., and scalable our applications will be. This is where frontend architectural patterns come in.

Though the patterns emerged from desktop and backend development, they have evolved to serve modern frontend development, from web apps to native apps, from monoliths to micro-frontends. Choosing the right pattern is essential for code maintainability, scalability, testability, and user experience.

In this lesson, we will understand the architectural patterns and their importance, explore key patterns, and evaluate how they contribute to an efficient frontend System Design.

Frontend architectural patterns

Frontend architectural patterns are structured design methodologies that help organize and manage the complexity of modern web applications. These patterns define how different components of an application, such as user interface, business logic, and data handling, should interact to perform intended operations. By separating concerns, frontend architectural patterns improve code readability, facilitate teamwork, and enhance user experience.

Among the most commonly used patterns are:

  • MVC (Model-View-Controller)It was introduced in 1979 by Trygve Reenskaug.

  • MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel)It was introduced in 2005 by John Gossman, a Microsoft WPF and Silverlight architect.

  • MVP (Model-View-Presenter)It originated in the early 1990s at Taligent, a joint venture of Apple, IBM, and Hewlett-Packard.

Each of these architectural patterns offers a different way to organize the flow of data and interaction between the UI and the business logic. Let’s break them down individually and compare them side-by-side with real-world analogies. ...