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Implementation of Floyd-Warshall

Explore the step-by-step implementation of the Floyd-Warshall algorithm for finding shortest paths in graphs. Understand how to construct distance and predecessor matrices, optimize memory usage by updating matrices in place, and compare runtime complexity with Dijkstra's algorithm to choose the best approach based on graph density.

Implementation notes

The implementation of Floyd-Warshall is relatively straightforward compared to Dijkstra’s algorithm. We’ll construct the matrices A0,P0A_0, P_0 from the weighted adjacency list and then iteratively compute the distance and predecessor matrices Ak,PkA_k, P_k, for k=1,,Vk = 1, \ldots, |V|.

One important observation to reduce the memory footprint of the algorithm is that the computation of Ak+1A_{k+1} and Pk+1P_{k+1} ...