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Grokking the Coding Interview Patterns in C++

Solution: Find K Pairs with Smallest Sums

Explore how to efficiently find the k pairs with the smallest sums from two sorted arrays by applying a k-way merge algorithm using a min heap. Understand the step-by-step solution, time and space complexity, and why this approach improves performance over the naive method.

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Statement

You are given two integer arrays, list1 and list2, sorted in non-decreasing order, and an integer, k.

A pair (u, v)(u, \space v) is defined as one element uu chosen from list1 and one element vv chosen from list2.

Your task is to return the k pairs (u1, v1),(u2, v2),...,(uk, vk)(u1, \space v1), (u2, \space v2), ..., (uk, \space vk) whose sums u1+v1,u2+v2,...,uk+vku1 + v1, u2 + v2, ..., uk + vk ...