Solution: Permutation in String
Explore the sliding window approach to solving the permutation in string problem. This lesson teaches you how to check if a given string s2 contains any permutation of string s1 as a substring by comparing character frequencies efficiently. Understand the algorithm steps, time complexity, and space usage to confidently tackle similar substring problems in coding interviews.
We'll cover the following...
Statement
Given two strings, s1 and s2, determine whether any permutation of s1 appears as a contiguous substring within s2. In other words, return TRUE if s2 contains a substring that uses the same characters as s1, with the same frequencies, but possibly in a different order. Otherwise, FALSE.
A permutation of a string is any possible arrangement of all its characters. For example, for the string “ab”, the permutations are: “ab” and “ba”.
Constraints:
s1.length, s2.lengths1ands2consist of lowercase English letters.
Solution
A naive approach would be to generate all possible rearrangements of s1 and check whether any appear in s2. But that would quickly become inefficient for longer strings, because the number of permutations grows extremely fast. For a three-letter string like "abc", there are ...