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Learning Java for Python Programmers

Classes and Objects

Explore the fundamental concepts of classes and objects as used in both Python and Java. Understand class structure, constructors, data members, and the differences in syntax and access modifiers to build reusable and modular code in Java with your Python background.

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In Python and Java, classes and objects are the basic notions of object-oriented programming (OOP). They enable us by organizing the code and making it reusable and modular with the help of cohesive blocks containing data and functionality.

Classes

In Python, a class is a blueprint for creating objects (instances). It encapsulates data (attributes) and behavior (methods) related to those objects. Classes are defined using the class keyword, followed by the class name and a colon (:). They can contain attributes and methods.

Python 3.5
class Car:
  # Constructor
  def __init__(self, make, model):
    self.make = make
    self.model = model
  # Method to display car details
  def display_info(self):
    print("Make:", self.make)
    print("Model:", self.model)
# Creating an object of the Car class
my_car = Car("Toyota", "Camry")
my_car.display_info()

In Java, a class is also a blueprint for creating objects. It defines objects properties (fields) and behaviors (methods). Classes in Java are declared using the class keyword followed by the class name. They can contain constructors, methods, and instance variables.

Java
public class Car {
  // Instance variables
  String make;
  String model;
  // Constructor
  public Car(String make, String model) {
    this.make = make;
    this.model = model;
  }
  // Method to display car details
  public void displayInfo() {
    System.out.println("Make: " + make);
    System.out.println("Model: " + model);
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // Creating an object of the Car class
    Car myCar = new Car("Toyota", "Camry");
    myCar.displayInfo();  
  }
}

Differences between Python and Java Classes:

  • Syntax: Python uses indentation to define the scope of classes and methods, while Java uses curly braces {}. ...