IPv4
- Each computing node on internet is assigned an IP address for communication with the other computing nodes. IPv4 is and addressing scheme to assign IP address to computing nodes.
- When IP was first standardized in Sep 1981, each system attached to the IP based Internet had to be assigned a unique 32-bit address
- The IPv4 standard, defines a 32-bit address
- The total number of IPv4 addresses available are
- 2^32 (4,294,967,296)
- IPv4 Theoretical limit of 32-bit space: ~4.3 billion devices
- IPv4 Practical limit of 32-bit space: ~250 million devices (RFC 3194)
- One of the problem concerned with the IPv4 addressing scheme is the eventual depletion of the IP address space.
- Traditional model of classful addressing does not allow the address space to be used to its maximum potential.
- The 32-bit IP addressing scheme involves a two level addressing hierarchy ;
- Divided into 5 classes
- Class A 8 bits N/W id and 24 bits host id and so on B,C.
- Wastage of IP addresses by assigning blocks of addresses which fall along octet boundaries
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