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API Development in Go Using MongoDB

Functions and Scopes

Understand the scope of variables and learn to create functions in Go.

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Scopes

A scope is a program region where we can access a variable. We have local and global variables in Go. We can access local variables within the blocks we define them in. Global variables are accessible throughout the program.

Go (1.16.5)
package main



import "fmt"



func main() {

   // local variable

   var eggs,chickens int 

   eggs = 3

   chickens = 7



   fmt.Printf ("eggs = %d, chickens = %d\n", eggs,chickens)

}

Let’s see an example of global variable declaration below:

Go (1.16.5)
package main



import "fmt"

 

// global variable 

var months int = 11

 

func main() {

   fmt.Printf ("months = %d\n",  months)

}

It’s possible to have the same name for a local and a global variable, but the global variable becomes inaccessible in the scope of that local variable. The scope of the local variable starts from the line of declaration of that variable, and ends at the enclosing right brace, }.

Go (1.16.5)
package main



import "fmt"

 

// global variable

var months int = 11

 

func main() {

   //local variable

   var months int = 9

   fmt.Printf ("months = %d\n",  months)

}

Strings

A string is a collection of characters. We enclose strings in double quotation marks. We use ...