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C++ Template Metaprogramming

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Introduction to the Course

Getting Started What This Course Covers Course Prerequisites and Conventions

Template Basics

An Introduction to Templates

Understanding the Need for Templates

Writing Our First Templates

Understanding Template Terminology

A Brief History of Templates

The Pros and Cons of Templates

Summary of Template Basics

Quiz: Template Basics

Challenge: Finding the Array Sum

Solution: Finding the Array Sum

Template Fundamentals

An Introduction to Template Fundamentals Defining Function Templates Defining Class Templates Defining Member Function Templates Understanding Template Parameters Understanding Default Template Arguments Understanding Template Instantiation Understanding Explicit Specialization Understanding Partial Specialization Defining Variable Templates Defining Alias Templates Exploring Generic Lambdas and Lambda Templates Summary of Template Fundamentals Quiz: Template Fundamentals Challenge: Pair Template Solution: Pair Template

Variadic Templates

An Introduction to Variadic Templates Understanding the Need for Variadic Templates Variadic Function Templates Parameter Packs Understanding Parameter Packs Expansion Variadic Class Templates Fold Expressions Variadic Alias Templates Variadic Variable Templates Summary of Variadic Templates Quiz: Variadic Templates Challenge: Concatenate Strings Solution: Concatenate Strings

Advanced Template Concepts

Introduction to Advanced Template Concepts Understanding Name Binding and Dependent Names Exploring Template Recursion Function Template Argument Deduction Class Template Argument Deduction Forwarding References The decltype Specifier The std::declval Type Operator Understanding Friendship in Templates Summary of Advanced Template Concepts Quiz: Advanced Template Concepts Challenge: Dynamic Tuple Creation Solution: Dynamic Tuple Creation

Type Traits and Conditional Compilation

An Introduction to Type Traits and Conditional Compilation Understanding and Defining Type Traits Exploring SFINAE and Its Purpose Enabling SFINAE with the enable_if Type Trait Using constexpr if Exploring the Standard Type Traits: Part 1 Exploring the Standard Type Traits: Part 2 Seeing Real-World Examples of Using Type Traits Summary of Type Traits and Conditional Compilation Quiz: Type Traits and Conditional Compilation Challenge: Type-Based Addition and Type Information Solution: Type-Based Addition and Type Information

Concepts and Constraints

An Introduction to Concepts and Constraints Understanding the Need for Concepts Defining Concepts Exploring Requires Expressions Composing Constraints Ordering Templates with Constraints Constraining Nontemplate Member Functions Constraining Class Templates Constraining Variable Templates and Template Aliases Learning More Ways to Specify Constraints Using Concepts to Constrain Auto Parameters Exploring the Standard Concepts Library Summary of Concepts and Constraints Quiz: Concepts and Constraints Challenge: Callback Function Compatibility Validation Solution: Callback Function Compatibility Validation

Patterns and Idioms

An Introduction to Patterns and Idioms Dynamic vs. Static Polymorphism The Curiously Recurring Template Pattern Mixins Type Erasure Tag Dispatching Expression Templates Typelists Summary of Patterns and Idioms Quiz: Patterns and Idioms Challenge: Vector Algebra Solution: Vector Algebra

Ranges and Algorithms

An Introduction to Ranges and Algorithms Understanding the Design of Containers, Iterators, and Algorithms Creating a Custom Container and Iterator Writing a Custom General-Purpose Algorithm Summary of Ranges and Algorithms Quiz: Ranges and Algorithms Challenge: Tuplezip Algorithm Solution: Tuplezip Algorithm

The Ranges Library

An Introduction to the Ranges Library Advancing from Abstract Ranges to the Ranges Library Understanding Range Concepts and Views Exploring More Examples of Range Adaptors Understanding the Constrained Algorithms Writing Our Own Range Adaptor Summary of the Ranges Library Quiz: The Ranges Library Challenge: Subrange Adaptor Solution: Subrange Adaptor

Closing Notes

Course Appendix

Running Code on Your Local Machine Further Readings

A Brief History of Templates

Discover the history behind generic programming.

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Modern C++ features

Template metaprogramming is the C++ implementation of generic programming. This paradigm was first explored in the 1970s, and the first major languages to support it were Ada and Eiffel in the first half of the 1980s. David Musser and Alexander Stepanov defined generic programming in a paper called “Generic Programming” in 1989, as follows:

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