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Implicit Line Joining

Explore how implicit line joining in Python allows splitting code over multiple lines using parentheses, brackets, or braces. Understand how this feature enhances readability, supports method chaining in pandas, and the importance of using dangling commas to avoid bugs and ease code changes.

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Try it yourself

Try executing the code below to see the result.

Python 3.8
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame([
  ['133.43.96.45', pd.Timedelta('3s')],
  ['133.68.18.180', pd.Timedelta('2s')],
  ['133.43.96.45', pd.NaT],
  ['133.43.96.45', pd.Timedelta('4s')],
  ['133.43.96.45', pd.Timedelta('2s')],
], columns=['ip', 'duration'])
by_ip = (
  df['duration']
  .fillna(pd.Timedelta(seconds=1))
  .groupby(df['ip'])
  .sum()
)
print(by_ip)

Explanation

The surprising fact here is that the teaser contains valid Python code. Python’s use of white space is pretty unique in programming languages. Some programmers don’t like it. However, the white space does make the code more readable.

The Python ...