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Introduction to Top K Elements

Explore the top K elements coding pattern to understand how to efficiently identify the largest or smallest subset of elements from unsorted data using min and max heaps. Learn to maintain a heap of size K for faster selection without full sorting, and see real-world applications in ride-sharing, finance, and social media.

About the pattern

The top k elements pattern is an important technique in coding that helps us efficiently find a specific number of elements, known as kk, from a set of data. This is particularly useful when we’re tasked with identifying the largest, smallest, or most/least frequent elements within an unsorted collection.

To solve tasks like these, one might think to sort the entire collection first, which takes O(nlog⁡(n))O(n \log(n)) time, and then select the top k elements, taking additional O ...