Representation

Any integer can be represented as the product of a power of primes. For example:

• $6 = 2\times3$
• $24 = 2^3\times3$
• $3087 = 3^2\times7^3$

Breaking an integer into its prime factors with their corresponding powers is called prime factorization.

Prime factorization of an integer is a very common problem and will reoccur in a wide range of topics, hence it is important to know an efficient way to do it.

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Prime Factors

Property: An integer $N$ will have at most one prime factor $\geq\sqrt{N}$.

If ...