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Quotient, Singleton, Sorted, Density, Current

Explore important software trace analysis patterns such as quotient, singleton, sorted, density, and current. Understand how these patterns help compress message sequences, prioritize errors, and analyze trace message frequencies and timelines to identify correlated issues. This lesson provides practical insights for diagnosing software problems effectively.

Quotient trace

In the description of the adjoint message analysis pattern, we mentioned compressing message sequences having the same message attribute into one message. Considering the trace as a “topological” space and message attribute as an “equivalence” relation, we now introduce the quotient trace analysis pattern, so named after the quotient space in topology. By endowing message sequences with the same attribute with some “metric” such as cardinality of message set, we can also visually distinguish resulting quotient messages if they have the same attribute but come from different sequences at different times. All this is illustrated in the following diagram:

Singleton trace

Status updates, error message boxes, and even abort errors can all be considered as examples of software traces and logs. We call such logs that have one message only singleton traces. Don’t confuse these with the ...