Challenge: Pair Template

Problem statement

Understanding data structures is critical for programmers to manage and scale software solutions. You’re tasked to implement a template class Pair that represents a pair of values of any data type. The class should have the following member variables:

• The first represents the first value of the pair.

• The second represents the second value of the pair.

The Pair class template should also be able to create pairs with different data types and check the equality of pairs using the == operator. Also, implement a ValuePair alias template that represents a pair of the same value type.

Note: Create any auxiliary methods that can help solve this problem.

Analysis

We can extract the following information from the problem statement:

• The Pair<T> class: A class that has two private member template variables, first and second.

• Equality comparison (==): Overload the equality operator (==) to compare two pairs for equality. The comparison should check if both the first and second values of the Pair class are equal.

• Alias template (ValuePair): Implement an alias template ValuePair that represents a pair of the same value type. It should take a single template parameter T and define Pair<T> as the type of the pair, as shown below: