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Python 3: From Beginner to Advanced

Numbers and Strings

Learn to recognize and use Python's various number types like integers, floats, and complex numbers. Understand string representations, formatting methods such as f-strings and format(), and how to convert between strings and numbers effectively.

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Introduction to numbers

There are several different kinds of numbers in Python. The following describes all of these:

  • A decimal integer consists of either the number 0 or a sequence of digits not beginning with 0.
  • A binary integer consists of binary digits (0, 1), beginning with 0b or 0B.
  • An octal integer consists of a sequence of octal digits (0 to 7), beginning with 0o or 0O.
  • A hexadecimal integer consists of a sequence of hex digits (0 to 9 and a to f or A to F), beginning with 0x or 0X.
  • A floating-point (“real”) number includes a decimal point, an exponent suffix, or both. The exponent consists of an optional sign, the letter e or E, and one or more digits.
  • An imaginary number consists of a decimal integer or a floating-point number, and it is suffixed by j (not
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