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Schemas and Instances

Explore the fundamental concepts of database schemas, the structural blueprint of a database including tables and data types, and instances, which are snapshots of the database at specific moments. Understand how schemas guide database design and how instances reflect data changes over time, helping you grasp essential data modeling principles.

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Database schema

A schema is the blueprint of a database. The names of tables, columns of each table, datatype, functions, and other objects are included in the schema.

We use the schema diagram to display the schema of a database. The schema diagram for the university database can be seen below:

Student Table

ID First_Name Last_Name Class Major

Course Table

Course_ID Course_Name Course_credits

Department Table ...