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Problem: Baseball Game

Explore how to implement the baseball game scoring system using a stack data structure. Learn to efficiently handle operations that add, double, sum, or remove scores and understand the use of stacks for managing last-in-first-out data. This lesson helps you develop skills in applying stacks to solve real-world problems and analyze time and space complexity.

Statement

You are the scorekeeper for a baseball game with unusual rules. You begin with an empty score record.

You are given a list of string operations, where each operations[i] represents the ithi^{th}operation to apply to the record. Each operation is one of the following:

  • An integer x: Record a new score of x.

  • "+": Record a new score equal to the sum of the two most recent scores.

  • "D": Record a new score equal to double the most recent score.

  • "C": Invalidate and remove the most recent score from the record.

Return the sum of all scores remaining on the record after all operations have been applied.

Note: The test cases are constructed such that the final answer and all intermediate calculations fit within a 3232‑bit integer, and all operations are guaranteed to be valid.

Constraints:

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