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Problem: Vertical Order Traversal of a Binary Tree

Explore how to perform vertical order traversal of a binary tree by assigning row and column positions to each node. Learn to implement a BFS approach that groups nodes by column, sorts them by row and value, and returns a structured list reflecting the vertical order. Understand time and space complexity aspects of this traversal technique.

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Statement

Given the root of a binary tree, compute the vertical order traversal of the tree.

Each node is assigned a position (row,col)(row, col). The root is located at position (0,0)(0, 0). For any node at position (row,col)(row, col), its left child is at position (row+1,colāˆ’1)(row + 1, col - 1) ...