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Designing for Accessibility

Explore how to design websites that are accessible to all users, including those with disabilities. Learn to use semantic HTML for meaningful content structure, ensure readable color contrast, apply scalable font sizes, and incorporate focus indicators. Understand ARIA attributes and testing tools to create inclusive web experiences that comply with accessibility standards.

We'll cover the following...

In this lesson, we’ll focus on designing web content with accessibility in mind. Accessibility ensures that all users, including those with disabilities, can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with websites effectively. We’ll explore key aspects of accessible design, including semantic HTML, color contrast, font sizing, focus indicators, ARIA attributes, and testing tools.

Semantic HTML

Using semantic HTML elements provides meaning to the content, aiding both users and assistive technologies.

<header>
  <h1>Website Title</h1>
  <nav>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#home">Home</a></li>
      <li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
      <li><a href="#contact">Contact</a></li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
</header>
<main>
  <article>
    <h2>Article Heading</h2>
    <p>Article content goes here...</p>
  </article>
</main>
<footer>
  <p>&copy; 2023 Company Name</p>
</footer>
Using semantic elements

In the above code:

  • Lines 1–10: Using <header>, <nav>, and list elements to structure the navigation.

  • Lines 11–16: The <main> and <article> elements define the main content area.

  • Lines 17–19: The <footer> element contains footer information.

Color contrast

Adequate color contrast between text and background ...