Right-BIC[E]P: Forcing Error Conditions

The existence of a happy path suggests that there must be an unhappy path. Errors happen, even when we think they’re impossible. For example:

• Disks fill up, network lines drop.
• An email goes into a black hole.
• Programs crash.

We want to test that our code handles all of these real-world problems in a graceful or reasonable manner. To do so, we need to write tests that force errors to occur.