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C++ Standard Library including C++ 14 & C++ 17

Vectors

Explore the use of std::vector in C++, focusing on its dynamic size, memory management, and element access methods. Understand constructors, size versus capacity, and how to modify vectors using functions like assign, emplace, and erase.

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std::vector is a homogeneous container, for which its length can be adjusted at runtime. std::vector needs the header <vector>. As it stores its elements contiguously in memory, std::vector supports pointer arithmetic.

C++
for (int i= 0; i < vec.size(); ++i){
  std::cout << vec[i] == *(vec + i) << std::endl; // true
}

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Distinguish the round and curly braces by the creation of a std::vector

If you construct a std::vector, you have to keep a few specialities in mind. The constructor with round braces in the following example creates a std::vector with 10 elements, the constructor with curly braces a std::vector with the element 10.

std::vector<int> vec(10);
std::vector<int> vec{10};

The same rules hold for the expressions std::vector<int>(10, 2011) or std::vector<int>{10, 2011}. In the first case, you get a ...