Zookeeper's ZAB Protocol
Let’s explore the phases of the ZAB protocol.
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As mentioned previously, the Zookeeper atomic broadcast protocol (ZAB) is used to agree on a leader in the ensemble, synchronize the replicas, manage the broadcast of update transactions, and recover from a crashed state to a valid state.
This protocol shares a lot of characteristics with other consensus protocols, such as Paxos or Raft.
In ZAB, transactions are identified by a specific type of identifier, called zxid. This identifier consists of two parts , where is the epoch number of the leader that generates the transaction and is an integer acting as a counter for this epoch.
The counter is incremented every time a new transaction is introduced by the leader, while is incremented when a new leader becomes active.
ZAB protocol Phases
The protocol consists of four basic phases as shown in the following illustration:
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