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Solution: Validate Binary Search Tree

Explore how to validate whether a binary tree is a binary search tree by using depth-first in-order traversal. Learn to check node values in ascending order and ensure BST properties, while analyzing time and space complexity of the solution.

Statement

Given the root of a binary tree, check whether it is a valid binary search tree (BST).

A binary tree is a valid BST if for every node:

  • The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node’s key.

  • The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than the node’s key.

  • Both the left and right subtrees are valid BSTs.

Constraints:

  • 104-10^{4} \leq ...