Casting

Type casting in Java refers to converting an object or variable from one type to another, which can be categorized into two types: primitive and object casting. Widening casts (implicit) occur when converting from a smaller to a larger primitive type without loss of information, while narrowing casts (explicit) may result in data loss. Object casting necessitates a relationship between classes through inheritance, with upcasting being implicit and downcasting requiring explicit casts. It's essential to note that downcasting can lead to runtime errors if the object does not match the expected subtype.