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React System Design Interview Questions

Modern frontends are full systems. In React System Design Interview Questions, you’ll design interfaces, state flows, and user interactions at scale. This track helps you prep with React at the core.
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React-based design interviews test how you build large, maintainable UI systems that are fast, responsive, and easy to evolve. You’ll face questions that go beyond hooks and props, focusing instead on things like app-wide state architecture, code splitting, server-side rendering, and performance tuning. This practice track focuses on front-end scenarios like designing a scalable design system, optimizing page load with lazy loading strategies, or managing real-time state in collaborative apps. You’ll be asked to reason about tradeoffs between client-side and server-side rendering, handle failures gracefully, and organize your code for long-term maintainability. Designing in React isn’t about stacking components—it’s about creating a system that adapts, performs, and scales.
React-based design interviews test how you build large, maintainable UI systems that are fast, responsive, and easy to evolve. Y...Show More

WHAT YOU'LL LEARN

Architecting front-end systems with reusable, testable React components.
Managing global and local state using tools like Redux, Zustand, or Context API.
Handling code splitting, lazy loading, and hydration strategies for performance.
Designing for SEO, accessibility, and responsive layouts across devices.
Building fault-tolerant UIs that recover from network and runtime failures.
Communicating architectural choices clearly, from folder structure to data flow.
Integrating third-party services and SDKs while maintaining code cleanliness.
Modeling data flows and component hierarchies for collaboration-heavy features.
Architecting front-end systems with reusable, testable React components.

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Content

1.

React System Design Interviews

5 Lessons

Explore what React System Design interviews involve, from scaling component-driven UIs to optimizing rendering pipelines. Learn strategies, fundamentals, and resources to design performant front-end systems.

2.

Introduction to React System Design

2 Lessons

Get familiar with React System Design interviews and the course structure. Learn prerequisites like component patterns, hooks, state management, and rendering flows that form the foundation for scalable React apps.

3.

Abstractions

4 Lessons

Grasp how abstractions work in distributed systems. Explore network abstractions, failure handling, and consistency trade-offs while leveraging OOP, RAII, and design patterns essential to large-scale architecture.

4.

Non-functional Characteristics

6 Lessons

Take a deep dive into non-functional aspects including availability, scalability, reliability, and fault tolerance, and see how performance tuning and memory efficiency drive distributed design.

5.

Building Blocks of Java System Design

1 Lessons

Explore the core building blocks for Java-based systems, such as threads, locks, queues, caches, and databases, that form the foundation of performant, scalable architectures in real-world scenarios.

6.

Domain Name System

2 Lessons

Discover how DNS works and its role in System Design, including detailed insights into its design and functionality.

7.

Load Balancers

3 Lessons

Take a closer look at load balancers, their placement, and algorithms, including local and global load balancers and different tiers of load balancers.

8.

Databases

5 Lessons

Explore databases and their types, data replication, partitioning, and trade-offs essential for designing distributed systems.

9.

Key-value Stores

5 Lessons

Learn how to design a scalable key-value store, focusing on replication, versioning, and fault tolerance.

10.

Content Delivery Network (CDN)

7 Lessons

Discover CDN design, content caching strategies, consistency, and techniques for efficient content delivery.

11.

Sequencer

3 Lessons

Learn how to design a sequencer for generating unique IDs, focusing on causality and consistency in distributed systems.

12.

Distributed Monitoring

3 Lessons

Explore a distributed monitoring system’s basics, types, and metrics for effective monitoring.

13.

Monitor Server-side Error

3 Lessons

Learn how to design a monitoring system and visualize it for tracking server-side errors in real-time.

14.

Monitor Client-side Errors

2 Lessons

Discover how to design a system to monitor client-side errors, ensuring robust and reliable applications.

15.

Distributed Cache

6 Lessons

Unpack the design of a distributed cache, focusing on high-level and detailed designs and evaluating its performance.

16.

Distributed Cache System Mock Interview

1 Lessons

17.

Messaging Queues

7 Lessons

Examine the design of a distributed messaging queue, addressing requirements, design considerations, and performance evaluations.

18.

Pub-sub

3 Lessons

Learn the design of a pub-sub system, focusing on how to implement and optimize this communication pattern in distributed systems.

19.

Pub Sub Mock Interview

1 Lessons

20.

Rate Limiter

5 Lessons

Explore the design of a rate limiter, covering essential algorithms and considerations for managing traffic and ensuring system stability.

21.

Blob Store

6 Lessons

Learn blob storage designs for maps, receipts, and user documents, focusing on scalability, availability, and fast retrieval performance.

22.

Blob Store Mock Interview

1 Lessons

23.

Distributed Search

6 Lessons

Step through distributed search design in stages, with a special focus on indexing, scaling, and replication.

24.

Distributed Logging

3 Lessons

Understand the importance and design of a distributed logging service, emphasizing capturing and analyzing logs across distributed systems.

25.

Task Scheduling

5 Lessons

Examine the design of a task scheduler addressing issues like prioritizing, task idempotency, queuing, and resource capacity optimization.

26.

Sharded Counters

4 Lessons

Get familiar with sharded counters and their importance, starting from high-level design and then pivoting to detailed System Design.

27.

Wrap-up on Building Blocks

4 Lessons

Conclude Lyft’s building blocks discussion, recap key lessons, and use the RESHADED framework to approach unseen ride-sharing design challenges confidently.

28.

Design YouTube

6 Lessons

Learn YouTube System Design, starting with requirements, high-level and detailed design, evaluation of the design, and handling real-world complexities.

29.

TikTok Mock Interview

1 Lessons

30.

Design Quora

5 Lessons

Explore the System Design of Quora incrementally by starting with key requirements and challenges in building a scalable Q&A platform.

31.

Design Google Maps

6 Lessons

Walk through the System Design of Google Maps, focusing on API design, scalability, finding optimal routes, and ETA computation.

32.

Design a Proximity Service / Yelp

5 Lessons

Take a closer look at the System Design of a proximity service like Yelp, addressing requirements like searching, scaling, and dynamic segments.

33.

Design Uber

7 Lessons

Understand how to design Uber, address requirements for ride-sharing platforms, detailed design, and fraud detection.

34.

Uber Eats Mock Interview

1 Lessons

35.

Design Twitter

6 Lessons

Learn Twitter System Design, covering aspects like user interaction, API design, caching, storage, and client-side load balancing.

36.

Design Newsfeed System

4 Lessons

Master newsfeed System Design, covering aspects like functional and non-functional requirements, storage schemas, newsfeed generation, and publishing.

37.

Design Instagram

5 Lessons

Explore Instagram’s System Design, covering API design, storage schema, and timeline generation using pull, push, and hybrid approaches.

38.

NewsFeed Mock Interview

1 Lessons

39.

Design a URL Shortening Service / TinyURL

6 Lessons

Decode the System Design of a URL shortening service like TinyURL, emphasizing requirements like encoding, scalability, and high readability.

40.

Design a Web Crawler

5 Lessons

Explore the System Design of a web crawler, including its key components, such as a crawler, scheduler, HTML fetcher, storage, and crawling traps handler.

41.

Design WhatsApp

6 Lessons

Take a look at WhatsApp System Design with an emphasis on its API design, high security, and low latency of client-server messages.

42.

Facebook Messenger Mock Interview

1 Lessons

43.

Typeahead Suggestions

7 Lessons

Discover typeahead design in developer tools, optimizing efficient data structures and updates for search and code completion.

44.

Design a Collaborative Document Editing Service / Google Docs

5 Lessons

Understand the System Design of Google Docs, using different techniques to address storage, collaborative editing, and concurrency issues.

45.

Spectacular Failures at Scale

4 Lessons

Learn from outages in OpenAI-scale systems and case studies from AWS, Google, and others to design resilient AI-powered infrastructures.

46.

ChatGPT Mock Interview

1 Lessons

47.

Concluding React System Design Journey

1 Lessons

Reflect on React System Design lessons. Highlight challenges like async rendering, state management, and scaling, and prepare to excel in advanced interviews.
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Frequently Asked Questions

How do I separate global state from server state in React (React Query/SWR)?

Treat server state as cached, async, and authoritative—fetch with React Query/SWR, let them handle caching, revalidation, and stale data. Keep global client state (UI prefs, wizards) in your state store or Context to avoid mixing network and UI concerns.

How do I build a design system with tokens and theming in React?

Define design tokens (color, spacing, type) as the single source of truth. Expose primitives (Button, Input) with consistent variants and theme support (CSS variables/ThemeProvider), and document usage in Storybook.

When should I adopt React Server Components (RSC)?

Adopt RSC when data-fetching and heavy work can shift to the server, reducing bundle size and waterfalls. Start with data-heavy, low-interactivity sections; keep highly interactive widgets client-side.

What’s an accessibility checklist for React components?

Ensure semantic HTML, proper ARIA where needed, keyboard focus order & traps, visible focus styles, and labeled controls. Test with screen readers and include aria-live for async updates.

How would you design an infinite-scroll feed with caching and prefetch in React System Design interview?

Use cursor-based pagination, cache pages by cursor, and prefetch the next page on scroll threshold. De-dupe items by ID and pause fetching while the tab is hidden to save network.

How would you design a chat/notification panel with presence indicators in React system design interview?

Use WebSockets/SSE for live events, maintain a client store for rooms/messages, and show presence with heartbeats. Batch renders, virtualize the message list, and persist unread counts.