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Solution: The Number of the Smallest Unoccupied Chair

Understand how to use min heaps to manage and assign the smallest unoccupied chair dynamically as friends arrive and leave at varying times. This lesson teaches sorting, chair assignment, and releasing techniques with an efficient priority queue approach, optimizing time and space complexity.

Statement

At a party, nn friends, numbered from 00 to n1n - 1, arrive and leave at different times. There are infinitely many chairs, numbered 00 onwards. Each arriving friend sits on the smallest available chair at that moment.

For example, if chairs ...