Feature #2: Detect Virus
Explore how to detect a virus embedded in DNA by analyzing the longest substring containing at most k distinct nucleotides. Understand how to implement a sliding window technique with two pointers and a HashMap to efficiently track nucleotide occurrences. This lesson helps you apply computational biology concepts to solve coding interview problems related to sequences and substring analysis.
We'll cover the following...
Description
While studying different DNA samples, we observed that a certain virus consists of really long sequences of k distinct nucleotides. The virus infects a species by embedding itself into the species’s DNA. We are working on devising a test to detect the virus. The idea is to analyze the longest string that consists of, at most, k nucleotides from a species’s DNA.
We’ll be provided with a string representing a chromosome from the infected DNA and a k value supplied from a hidden function. Our task will include calculating the longest subsequence from the chromosome string that has k unique nucleotides.
Here is an illustration to better understand this process:
Solution
Since we want to return a substring from a specific window over the original string, we can use a sliding window approach to accomplish this efficiently. We’ll use two pointers, left and right, to denote the boundaries of ...