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Grokking the Coding Interview Patterns in Python

Solution: Least Number of Unique Integers after K Removals

Explore how to minimize the distinct integers in an array after removing exactly k elements. Learn to apply the top k elements pattern with a min-heap to remove the least frequent numbers first, optimizing for minimal unique values left. Understand step-by-step how frequency mapping and heap operations can solve this problem efficiently.

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Statement

You are given an integer array, arr, and an integer, k. Your task is to remove exactly k elements from the array so that the number of distinct integers remaining in the array is minimized. Determine the minimum possible count of unique integers after the removals.

Constraints:

  • 1≤1 \leq arr.length ≤103\leq 10^3

  • 1≤1 \leq arr[i] ≤105\leq 10^5

  • 0≤0 \leq ...