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Grokking the Coding Interview Patterns in Python

Sort Colors

Understand how to sort an array containing colors represented by 0, 1, and 2 using the two-pointers technique. Learn to solve this problem efficiently in linear time and constant space by rearranging elements in place without built-in sort functions.

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Statement

Given an array, colors, which contains a combination of the following three elements:

  • 0 (Representing red)

  • 1 (Representing white)

  • 2 (Representing blue)

Sort the array in place so that the elements of the same color are adjacent, and the final order is: red (0), then white (1), and then blue (2).

Note: You are not allowed to use any built-in sorting functions. The goal is to solve this efficiently without extra space.

Constraints:

  • ...