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Solution: Encapsulating a Thermostat

Explore how to encapsulate data effectively in C++ by implementing a thermostat class. Learn to use private members for data hiding, constructors with initialization lists, and public methods that enforce value constraints to maintain object integrity.

We'll cover the following...
C++
#include <iostream>
class Thermostat {
private:
    int temperature; //
public:
    // Constructor using initialization list
    Thermostat(int temp) : temperature(temp) {}
    // Public setter with validation logic
    void setTemperature(int temp) {
        if (temp >= 10 && temp <= 30) {
            temperature = temp;
        } else {
            std::cout << "Warning: Temperature out of range.\n";
        }
    }
    // Public getter to allow read access
    int getTemperature() {
        return temperature;
    }
};
int main() {
    Thermostat t(20);
    std::cout << "Initial: " << t.getTemperature() << "\n";
    t.setTemperature(25);
    std::cout << "After setting 25: " << t.getTemperature() << "\n";
    t.setTemperature(100);
    std::cout << "After setting 100: " << t.getTemperature() << "\n";
    return 0;
}
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