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Solution: Sort an Array

Understand how to implement the heap sort algorithm to sort arrays in ascending order while ensuring O(n log n) time complexity and minimal extra space. This lesson covers building a max heap, in-place sorting, and trade-offs related to stability and space efficiency.

Statement

Given an integer array, nums, sort it in ascending order and return the sorted array.

You must implement the sorting algorithm yourself; do not use any built-in sorting functions. The solution must run in O(nlogn)O(n \log n) time and use the minimum possible extra space.

Constraints:

  • 11 \leq nums.length ...