Solution: Sort Colors
Explore how to implement the Dutch National Flag algorithm to sort an array of colors represented by 0, 1, and 2 efficiently. Understand how to use three pointers—low, mid, and high—to partition the array in one pass without extra space. This lesson helps you write a constant space, linear time solution by carefully swapping elements to their correct positions while traversing the array.
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Statement
You are given an array nums of length n, where each element represents an object colored either red, white, or blue. The integers 0, 1, and 2 are used to represent red, white, and blue, respectively.
Sort the array in place so that all objects of the same color are grouped together, arranged in the order: red (0), white (1), and blue (2).
You must solve this problem without using any library sort function.
Note: Could you come up with a one ...